前言 INTRODUCTION 公元前 221 年，“六王毕，四海一”，秦王嬴政以赫赫雄师统一 In 221 BC, Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, defeated six other vassal states on the Central Plains and unified the whole of China. He proclaimed himself “First 中国，自称“始皇帝”，拉开了中国历史上统一的多民族中央集权国家 Emperor” and started...
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前言 INTRODUCTION 公元前 221 年，“六王毕，四海一”，秦王嬴政以赫赫雄师统一 In 221 BC, Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, defeated six other vassal states on the Central Plains and unified the whole of China. He proclaimed himself “First 中国，自称“始皇帝”，拉开了中国历史上统一的多民族中央集权国家 Emperor” and started his rule over the first united multi-ethnic empire under a centralized monarchy in Chinese history. 的恢弘序幕。 The Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC), the new state under his command, created official 秦朝立百官之职，通过推行郡县制，统一文字、度量衡等措施巩固 positions in all ranks to help rule the country, introduced a system of prefectures and counties, and standardized the various forms of writing scripts, weights and 多民族国家的统一。汉朝在不断发展和完善秦朝创立的各项制度的基础 measures previously used in different states. These measures proved effective in consolidating the unity of the country. The succeeding Han Dynasty (206 BC- 上，在政治、经济、文化、思想、对外交流等领域改革创新，取得巨大 AD 220) continued and improved the various practices of the Qin, while making 成就。秦汉王朝经过四个多世纪的经营与沉淀，成为中国历史上至关重 remarkable progress in politic
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