Biochar defended
(First published in Carbon News, www.
carbonnews.
co.
nz 11ix08)
The International Biochar Initiative met 8th
-10th
Sept in Newcastle (on Tyne) to
advance the scientific understanding and policy role of this new boy on the block.
And it’s under attack, even though it has a key role to play in addressing the threat...
More
Biochar defended (First published in Carbon News, www. carbonnews. co. nz 11ix08) The International Biochar Initiative met 8th -10th Sept in Newcastle (on Tyne) to advance the scientific understanding and policy role of this new boy on the block. And it’s under attack, even though it has a key role to play in addressing the threat of abrupt climatic change, such as a sudden, possibly several meter, rise in sea levels sometime this century. But first, what’s biochar? It’s finely divided pyrolyzed biomass prepared for soil improvement – any sort of biomass such as wood chips, lawn mowings, sewage sludge, kitchen waste, animal husbandry effluents, corn stover and other crop wastes, etc. – that is heated with little or no oxygen (pyrolyzed) till volatile components are driven off (and available for processing to sustainable biofuels) with the remaining porous and carbon-rich material subsequently loaded with nutrients e. g. through exposure to compost or nutrient-rich boiler flue gases
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ECONOMIST FEATURES CEES BIOCHAR
CONFERENCE
The following article appeared in The Economist print edition (August 27, 2009).
CHARCOAL has rather gone out of fashion.
Before the industrial revolution, whole forests disappeared
into the charcoal‐burners’ maw to provide the carbon that ironmakers need to reduce their ore to
metal....
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ECONOMIST FEATURES CEES BIOCHAR CONFERENCE The following article appeared in The Economist print edition (August 27, 2009). CHARCOAL has rather gone out of fashion. Before the industrial revolution, whole forests disappeared into the charcoal‐burners’ maw to provide the carbon that ironmakers need to reduce their ore to metal. Then, an English ironmaker called Abraham Darby discovered how to do the job with coke. From that point onward, the charcoal‐burners’ days were numbered. The rise of coal, from which coke is produced, began, and so did the modern rise of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It is a sweet irony, therefore, that the latest fashion for dealing with global warming is to bring back charcoal. It has to be rebranded for modern consumers, of course, so it is now referred to as “biochar”. But there are those who think biochar may give humanity a new tool to attack the problem of global warming, by providing a convenient way of extracting CO2 from the atmosphere, bury
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From Broadbent Julian
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Technical Memorandum Biochar
1
Background
This memo is one of six (6) technical background memos that present information for the six
carbon offset actionable alternatives which have been retained for Stage 2 analysis in
developing the Cornell University Climate Action Plan (CAP).
The six carbon offset...
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Technical Memorandum Biochar 1 Background This memo is one of six (6) technical background memos that present information for the six carbon offset actionable alternatives which have been retained for Stage 2 analysis in developing the Cornell University Climate Action Plan (CAP). The six carbon offset alternatives included in this series of technical memos include: 1. Afforestation 2. Forest Management 3. Biochar 4. Soils/tillage practices 5. Agricultural methane 6. Market Purchases of Offsets The purpose of this memo is to summarize the offset actionable alternative and identify costs, institutional considerations, and sustainability considerations including financial, environmental and social responsibility considerations associated with the alternative General Description Biochar is charcoal produced from the slow pyrolysis of organic biomass such as wastes from agriculture, forestry, industries (e. g. , lumber, pulp, and veneer production) and residential yard w
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From Broadbent Julian
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> Concept diagram of low-temperature pyroysis bioenergy with biochar sequestration.
Typically, about 50% of the pyrolysed
biomass is converted into biochar and can be returned to the soil.
Johannes Lehman
Bio-char Bio-energy Lifecycle
(C) 50%
(C) 50%
Returned to soil
as Bio-char
Bio-fuel
- bio-oil
- hydrogen
Industry
Biomass
-...
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> Concept diagram of low-temperature pyroysis bioenergy with biochar sequestration. Typically, about 50% of the pyrolysed biomass is converted into biochar and can be returned to the soil. Johannes Lehman Bio-char Bio-energy Lifecycle (C) 50% (C) 50% Returned to soil as Bio-char Bio-fuel - bio-oil - hydrogen Industry Biomass - manure - organic wastes - bioenergy crops (grasses,willows) - crop residues Transport Energy Coproducts (oil, cosmetics)(C) 100% Optionally, N2 , NOx , SOx , CO2 can be added to increase C sink and nutrient contents Pyrolysis Residual heat CSIRO Land and Water Biochar Biochar has been attracting growing interest due to its potential in carbon sequestration and in improving soil health. However, further research needs to be undertaken to answer numerous questions about its properties and the benefits associated with its production and application. What is biochar? Biochar is a type of charcoal which results from the thermal treatment (heating) of natural organ
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From Broadbent Julian
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Biochar Production Technology
Robert C.
Brown
Center for Sustainable Environmental Technologies
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Iowa State University
From Broadbent Julian
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Making Biochar
Saturday, May 2, 2009
9:00 A.
M.
to 2:00 P.
M
Location: McClary Hill Farm
3 Griffin Rd, Epsom, NH
Host: David Stewart
Directions: From Concord: Take Rte 4 East to ...
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Making Biochar Saturday, May 2, 2009 9:00 A. M. to 2:00 P. M Location: McClary Hill Farm 3 Griffin Rd, Epsom, NH Host: David Stewart Directions: From Concord: Take Rte 4 East to Epsom Circle. From Circle continue on Rte 4 East 1. 7 miles, then turn right onto Center Hill Rd. (see sign for “Blake’s Brook Campground”) Count 1. 9 miles from this turn and see a red house, red barn and fencing ‐ that is McClary Hill Farm. Park at farm or road. The workshop will begin with an overview of the purpose and functions of biochar, the science and technology behind it, and then we will make the burners. We will light our work when units are completed (there could be a limit to the # of burns. ) To build your own biochar unit, bring: • 55 gal metal drum with lid (preferably with removable lid but closed end is ok. ) • 16 or 30 gal drum (lid not necessary) • 4/ft of 8-inch stovepipe • Heavy hammer • Cold chisel or other
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From Broadbent Julian
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Environews | Innovations
Biochar Carbon Mitigation
from the Ground Up
A 70 volume 117 | number 2 | February 2009 • Environmental Health Perspectives
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Biochar Application to Soils
A Critical Scientific Review
of Effects on Soil Properties, Processes and Functions
F.
Verheijen, S.
Jeffery, A.
C.
Bastos, M.
van der Velde, I.
Diafas
EUR 24099 EN - 2010
From Broadbent Julian
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1
Commercial scale agricultural biochar field trial in Québec, Canada over two years: effects of
biochar on soil fertility, biology and crop productivity and quality
by Barry Husk1
, report written by Julie Major2
1
President, BlueLeaf Inc.
, 310 rue Chapleau, Drummondville, Québec, J2B 5E9 Canada;
2
PhD, Consultant, 1555 ch....
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1 Commercial scale agricultural biochar field trial in Québec, Canada over two years: effects of biochar on soil fertility, biology and crop productivity and quality by Barry Husk1 , report written by Julie Major2 1 President, BlueLeaf Inc. , 310 rue Chapleau, Drummondville, Québec, J2B 5E9 Canada; 2 PhD, Consultant, 1555 ch. Ste-Claire, Rivière-Beaudette, Québec, J0P 1R0 Canada Abstract A commercial scale biochar field trial was established on a farm in Québec, Canada in May 2008. A very fine, commercially available biochar from fast pyrolysis of wood waste was applied as received from the manufacturer using standard farm machinery. The target application rate was 5. 6 t/ha, but an estimated 30% of the material was wind-blown and lost during handling, transport to the field, soil application and incorporation. This resulted in an estimated 3. 9 t/ha biochar application. Biochar was applied on a clay loam soil in a single, 1,000 m2 swath and compared to an adjacent, unamended cont
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‘Managing the Carbon Cycle’ Katanning Workshop 21-22 March 2007
www.
amazingcarbon.
com
19
Organics and Soil Carbon:
Increasing soil carbon, crop productivity and farm profitability
Andre Leu
Chair, Organic Federation of Australia
PO Box 800
Mossman Qld 4873
leu@austarnet.
com.
au
Abstract
This paper explains how atmospheric carbon...
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‘Managing the Carbon Cycle’ Katanning Workshop 21-22 March 2007 www. amazingcarbon. com 19 Organics and Soil Carbon: Increasing soil carbon, crop productivity and farm profitability Andre Leu Chair, Organic Federation of Australia PO Box 800 Mossman Qld 4873 leu@austarnet. com. au Abstract This paper explains how atmospheric carbon is introduced into the soil and how it stored in stable forms. It identifies the farming techniques that are responsible for the decline in soil carbon and gives alternative practices that do not damage carbon. Increasing soil carbon can reduce the 25% of Australia s greenhouse gases created by agriculture and assist in ameliorating climate change. Increasing soil carbon will ensure good production outcomes and farm profitability. Soil carbon, particularly the stable forms such as humus and glomalin, increases farm profitability by increasing yields, soil fertility, soil moisture retention, aeration, nitrogen fixation, mineral availability, disease suppr
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From Broadbent Julian
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